Which statement is true about noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation modalities?

Which statement is true about noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation modalities?

• A. CPAP and BiPAP
• B. Only invasive ventilation is effective
• C. NPPV is used only for sleep apnea
• D. NPPV requires endotracheal intubation

Answer: (A)

Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation modalities include CPAP and BiPAP. CPAP delivers a constant positive airway pressure to keep airways open and improve oxygenation by preventing alveolar collapse. BiPAP provides two pressure levels: a higher inspiratory pressure to assist ventilation and a lower expiratory pressure to ease breathing and reduce work of breathing. Both are delivered through a mask or similar interface, avoiding the need for endotracheal intubation. They are used in a range of respiratory failures, including COPD exacerbations and cardiogenic pulmonary edema, and are also commonly used for obstructive sleep apnea. They’re not limited to sleep apnea, and they do not require intubation when the patient can protect their airway and tolerate the interface; if airway protection is inadequate or the patient is unstable or unable to cooperate, invasive ventilation may be necessary.

Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation modalities include CPAP and BiPAP. CPAP delivers a constant positive airway pressure to keep airways open and improve oxygenation by preventing alveolar collapse. BiPAP provides two pressure levels: a higher inspiratory pressure to assist ventilation and a lower expiratory pressure to ease breathing and reduce work of breathing. Both are delivered through a mask or similar interface, avoiding the need for endotracheal intubation. They are used in a range of respiratory failures, including COPD exacerbations and cardiogenic pulmonary edema, and are also commonly used for obstructive sleep apnea. They’re not limited to sleep apnea, and they do not require intubation when the patient can protect their airway and tolerate the interface; if airway protection is inadequate or the patient is unstable or unable to cooperate, invasive ventilation may be necessary.